Clare Frances joined Aberdeen Law School in 2022 as a lecturer in public international law, with a focus on international criminal law. Her research interests lie in the related areas of international criminal law, international humanitarian law, and international human rights law, with a focus on the application of legal theory to these areas. She has published widely on the concept of defences in international criminal law and international humanitarian law, and has worked on projects concerning the impact of international humanitarian law and international human rights law on the situation of refugees. Her current work focuses on the authority of international criminal law.